Warning: package 'dplyr' was built under R version 4.3.2Warning: package 'kableExtra' was built under R version 4.3.225 Dualism
Cluster: Cognitive Biases
25.1 Measure
The Dualism measure used is an abbreviation of The Dualism Scale by Stanovich (1989). As with previous research the scale has been shortened for brevity (Willard & Cingl, 2017; Willard, Cingl, & Norenzayan, 2020).
Modifications.
For consistency with the other agreement based measures used in the project the anchors and response items were altered to be a 7-point Likert scale
25.2 Implementation
Question wording
Participants read the following text, adapted and shortened from Stanovich (1989):
Please read each of the following statements carefully and rate how strongly you agree or disagree. There are no right or wrong answers and your responses remain anonymous
Items
| Qlabel | question |
|---|---|
| dua_01 | The mind is not part of the brain but it affects the brain. |
| dua_02 | When I imagine a scene in my mind, I am in a state that will forever be beyond explanation by science. |
| dua_03 | The mind is a special form of energy (currently unknown to man) that is in contact with the brain and affects it. |
| dua_04 | When people talk about their minds they are really just talking about what their brains seem to be doing. |
| dua_05 | The fact that I can know my own thought processes (that I can introspect) means that my thought processes cannot be just brain processes |
| dua_06 | The mind is a nonmaterial substance that interact with the brain to determine behavior |
| dua_07 | Minds are inside brains but are not the same as brains. |
| dua_08 | Some mental processes have no connection to brain processes |
| dua_09 | Mental processes are the result of activity in the nervous system |
| dua_10 | The mind and the brain are two totally separate things |
Coding
This questionnaire follows our standard scoring for agreement based measures, with strongly disagree = 1, and strongly agree = 7.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| strongly disagree | moderately disagree | slightly disagree | neither agree nor disagree | slightly agree | moderately agree | strongly agree |
dua_04 and dua_09 are reverse coded
25.3 Scoring
| Variable Name | Variable Label | Description | Variable Type | Source (Section) | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dualism | dualism | Dualism score | numeric | Dualism | mean dua_01: dua_10 |