Warning: package 'dplyr' was built under R version 4.3.2Warning: package 'kableExtra' was built under R version 4.3.24 Tolerance of Ambiguity
Cluster: Cognitive Styles
4.1 Measure
The measure used for tolerance of ambiguity is the Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale- II (MSTAT-II) by McLain (2009) .
Modifications
4.2 Implementation
Question wording
Participants read the following text:
Please read each of the following statements carefully and state to what extent you agree with each. There are no right or wrong answers and your responses remain anonymous.
Items
| Qlabel | question |
|---|---|
| at_01 | I don’t tolerate ambiguous situations well |
| at_02 | I would rather avoid solving a problem that must be viewed from several different perspectives |
| at_03 | I try to avoid situations that are ambiguous |
| at_04 | I prefer familiar situations to new ones |
| at_05 | Problems that cannot be considered from just one point of view are a little threatening |
| at_06 | I avoid situations that are too complicated for me to easily understand |
| at_07 | I am tolerant of ambiguous situations |
| at_08 | I enjoy tackling problems that are complex enough to be ambiguous |
| at_09 | I try to avoid problems that don’t seem to have only one “best” solution |
| at_10 | I generally prefer novelty over familiarity |
| at_11 | I dislike ambiguous situations |
| at_12 | I find it hard to make a choice when the outcome is uncertain |
| at_13 | I prefer a situation in which there is some ambiguity |
Coding
This questionnaire uses our standard response scale for agreement,
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| strongly disagree | moderately disagree | slightly disagree | neither agree nor disagree | slightly agree | moderately agree | strongly agree |
at_01, at_02, at_03, at_04, at_05, at_06, at_09, at_11, and at_12 are reverse coded
Scoring
The following variables are derived from this measure:
| Variable Name | Variable Label | Description | Variable Type | Source (Section) | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tolerance of Ambiguity | ambiguity_tol | Tolerance of ambiguity score | numeric | Tolerance of Ambiguity | The mean of at_01: at_13 |